電(dian)(dian)化學(xue)(xue)分(fen)(fen)析法(fa)(fa)是建立在(zai)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的電(dian)(dian)化學(xue)(xue)性質(zhi)基礎上的一類(lei)分(fen)(fen)析方法(fa)(fa)，通(tong)常(chang)將被(bei)測(ce)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)溶液構(gou)成一個化學(xue)(xue)電(dian)(dian)池，然后(hou)通(tong)過測(ce)量電(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢或測(ce)量通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)流、電(dian)(dian)量等物(wu)(wu)理量的變化來確定被(bei)測(ce)物(wu)(wu)的組成和含(han)量。常(chang)用的電(dian)(dian)化學(xue)(xue)分(fen)(fen)析法(fa)(fa)有電(dian)(dian)位分(fen)(fen)析法(fa)(fa)、庫倫(lun)分(fen)(fen)析法(fa)(fa)、極(ji)譜分(fen)(fen)析法(fa)(fa)和溶出伏安法(fa)(fa)等
　　電(dian)化(hua)學分(fen)析(xi)法事儀器分(fen)析(xi)法中的一個重(zhong)要分(fen)支，它具有靈敏度(du)高、準確度(du)好等(deng)特點(dian)，所用儀器相對比較簡單、價格(ge)低廉，并且容易實(shi)現自動化(hua)、連(lian)續化(hua)，適(shi)合生產過程中的在(zai)線分(fen)析(xi)，在(zai)化(hua)工冶金和醫藥、環(huan)境監(jian)測等(deng)領域內有較多的應(ying)用
　　標準電(dian)極電(dian)位
　　原電(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動(dong)勢(shi)，可以用高阻抗(kang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓測(ce)(ce)(ce)量儀(yi)器(qi)直接(jie)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量得(de)(de)(de)到。從測(ce)(ce)(ce)得(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動(dong)勢(shi)數據就(jiu)可知道正負兩電(dian)極(ji)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)位(wei)差(cha)，但是到目前(qian)為止，還不能測(ce)(ce)(ce)得(de)(de)(de)單個電(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)極(ji)電(dian)位(wei)絕(jue)對(dui)值，因此人們只能想辦法(fa)定出(chu)它(ta)們之(zhi)間(jian)相(xiang)對(dui)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)位(wei)值
　　測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)與測(ce)量(liang)一(yi)座山的高(gao)度(du)(du)相(xiang)仿，到現在(zai)為(wei)止還沒有辦(ban)法測(ce)出一(yi)座山的絕對高(gao)度(du)(du)，而只(zhi)能選(xuan)一(yi)個(ge)參考點規定(ding)(ding)(ding)它為(wei)零(ling)，從這(zhe)個(ge)零(ling)點開始(shi)網上測(ce)量(liang)這(zhe)座山的高(gao)度(du)(du)是(shi)多少，實際這(zhe)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)相(xiang)對于這(zhe)個(ge)參考點的高(gao)度(du)(du)，參考點選(xuan)擇不同，高(gao)度(du)(du)也就不同，測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)也采取相(xiang)似(si)辦(ban)法，只(zhi)要(yao)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)作(zuo)為(wei)參比電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，并規定(ding)(ding)(ding)它的電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)為(wei)零(ling)，我們就可(ke)將待測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)與這(zhe)個(ge)參比電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)構(gou)成一(yi)個(ge)原電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，通過測(ce)量(liang)這(zhe)個(ge)原電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)，求(qiu)得待測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)
　　電位法測定PH值
　　利用酸度計又稱，測(ce)定溶液(ye)PH值的方法是一(yi)(yi)種電(dian)(dian)位(wei)測(ce)定法，它是將PH玻璃(li)電(dian)(dian)極和甘(gan)汞電(dian)(dian)極插在被測(ce)溶液(ye)中(zhong)，組成一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)化學原電(dian)(dian)池，其電(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢(shi)是與溶液(ye)PH值大小有(you)關，酸度(du)計(ji)主體是一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)精密電(dian)(dian)位(wei)計(ji)，用它測(ce)量原電(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢(shi)并直(zhi)接用PH刻(ke)度(du)值表示出來，因而從(cong)酸度(du)計(ji)上可(ke)以直(zhi)接讀(du)出被測(ce)溶液(ye)的PH值